At a more basic level, the healers description of link between gut and brain may also express the pharmacological process of active tobacco constituents reaching the brain via blood pathways after gastrointestinal absorption (oral route)
What he did now came as a big surprise, to me at any rate
As many as 9% of all deaths are attributable to tobacco consumption, making smoking cessation the most cost-effective strategy for reducing morbidity and mortality [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]
In 2002 a report by the British Royal College of Physicians, one of the worlds oldest and most prestigious medical societies, stated As a way of using nicotine, the consumption of non-combustible [smokeless] tobacco is on the order of 10-1,000 times less hazardous than smoking, depending on the product. The Royal College issued another report in 2007 concluding that smokers smoke predominantly for nicotine, that nicotine itself is not especially hazardous, and that if nicotine could be provided in a form that is acceptable and effective as a cigarette substitute, millions of lives could be saved
