Given that an increase, but not a decrease, in the Kyn/Trp ratio is expected to be associated with inflammation, and that we observe a one-directional trend towards increased values among the asymptomatic V30M carriers compared to controls (Table 2
Over time, the genome becomes increasingly dysregulated: DNA regions that should be silent become noisy, protective genes are switched off, and chromatin, the scaffold of DNA wrapped around histones (imagine them like packaging bundles), becomes condensed and brittle, losing its flexibility
This deficiency arises from impaired absorption of food-bound vitamin B12, reduced dietary intake, and the use of certain medications
It therefore appears that the reduction of A levels is insufficient to treat AD, and therefore calls into question the centrality of the amyloid hypothesis. Thus, we discuss the important biological functions of the A peptide, which could illuminate the less-than-satisfactory results of these anti-amyloid therapies