Levick JR
The resulting histamine overload causes systemic inflammation, leading to classic MCAS symptoms like sudden hives, flushing, severe gastrointestinal distress, rapid heart rate (tachycardia), and sudden intolerances to previously safe foods
These alterations include biochemical defects, such as impaired control of glutamate metabolism (the major neurotransmitter) [304], as well as the loss of synaptic activity and dendrites [305], apoptosis of neurons primarily in the ganglion cell and inner nuclear layers [306,307], and the activation of microglial cells that may protect the inner retina from injury and contribute to the inflammatory response [308]
Chaudhuri A, Janicke D, Wilson MF, Tripathy D, Garg R, Bandyopadhyay A, Calieri J, Hoffmeyer D, Syed T, Ghanim H, Aljada A, Dandona P